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  • Title: Thromboembolic complications following a first isolated episode of superficial vein thrombosis: a cross-sectional retrospective study.
    Author: Bell LN, Berg RL, Schmelzer JR, Liang H, Mazza JJ, Kanth R, Bray CL, Zaldivar CB, Yale SH.
    Journal: J Thromb Thrombolysis; 2017 Jan; 43(1):31-37. PubMed ID: 27565478.
    Abstract:
    Superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) may be associated with complications such as venous thromboembolism (VTE) and recurrent SVT. The purpose of this study was to explore risk factors among patients with a first isolated episode of SVT (index SVT) involving upper and lower extremities and to estimate the prevalence of VTE complications within 1 year of index SVT. Retrospective chart review of electronic records at Marshfield Clinic in Wisconsin identified 381 subjects with a first isolated SVT diagnosis (male/female: 170/211; median age 59.4 years). Patients were stratified based on whether they did (n = 44; 11.5 %) or did not (n = 337; 88.5 %) experience VTE complications and whether they did (n = 25; 6.6 %) or did not (n = 356; 93.4 %) experience pulmonary embolism (PE) and/or deep vein thrombosis (DVT) within 1 year of index SVT. There were 49 complications among 44 patients; these included DVT (n = 18, 36.7 %), propagation of SVT (n = 18, 36.7 %), PE (n = 9, 18.4 %), new SVT at different location (n = 3, 6.1 %), and recurrent SVT (n = 1, 2.0 %). Univariate analysis of all VTE complications identified seven potential risk factors and similar analysis of PE/DVT complications identified eight potential risk factors, with six common risk factors identified in both analyses. Multivariate analysis identified indwelling venous catheter 30 days prior to SVT (p = 0.044), cancer history with treatment in the previous year (p = 0.001), and non-surgical trauma 7 days prior to SVT (p < 0.001) as independent risk factors for PE/DVT complications. Independent risk factors identified in the current study may convey greater risk for VTE complications, especially PE/DVT, following an initial isolated SVT episode.
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