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  • Title: Slide tracheoplasty outcomes in children with congenital pulmonary malformations.
    Author: DeMarcantonio MA, Hart CK, Yang CJ, Tabangin M, Rutter MJ, Bryant R, Manning PB, de Alarcón A.
    Journal: Laryngoscope; 2017 Jun; 127(6):1283-1287. PubMed ID: 27859296.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Evaluate and compare surgical outcomes of slide tracheoplasty for the treatment of congenital tracheal stenosis in children with and without pulmonary malformations. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review at a tertiary care pediatric medical center. METHODS: We identified patients with tracheal stenosis who underwent slide tracheoplasty from 2001 to 2014, and a subset of these patients who were diagnosed with congenital pulmonary malformations. Hospital course and preoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. RESULTS: One hundred thirty patients (18 with pulmonary malformations, 112 with normal pulmonary anatomy) were included. Pulmonary malformations included unilateral pulmonary agenesis (61%) and hypoplasia (39%). Children with pulmonary malformations had a greater median age compared to their normal lung anatomy counterparts. Preoperatively, patients with pulmonary malformations more frequently required preoperative mechanical ventilation (55.6% vs. 21.3%, P = .007), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) (11% vs. 0.9%, P = .05), and tracheostomy (22.2% vs. 3.6%, P = .01). Postoperatively, patients with pulmonary malformations more frequently required mechanical ventilation >48 hours (78% vs. 37%, P =.005) and ECMO use (11% vs. 0.9%, P = .05). Pulmonary malformation patients and children with normal anatomy did not differ in terms of postoperative tracheostomy (16.7% vs. 4.4%, P > .05), dehiscence (6% vs. 0%, P > .05%), restenosis (11% vs. 6%, P > .05) or postoperative figure 8 deformity (6% vs. 3%, P > .05). Mortality, however, was significantly increased (22.2% vs. 3.6%, P = .01) in children with pulmonary malformations. CONCLUSIONS: Although slide tracheoplasty can be successfully performed in patients with abnormal pulmonary anatomy, surgeons and families should anticipate a more difficult postoperative course, with possible associated prolonged mechanical ventilation, ECMO use, and higher mortality than in children with tracheal stenosis alone. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4. Laryngoscope, 127:1283-1287, 2017.
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