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  • Title: Controlling the potential gastrointestinal fate of β-carotene emulsions using interfacial engineering: Impact of coating lipid droplets with polyphenol-protein-carbohydrate conjugate.
    Author: Liu F, Ma C, Zhang R, Gao Y, Julian McClements D.
    Journal: Food Chem; 2017 Apr 15; 221():395-403. PubMed ID: 27979220.
    Abstract:
    The impact of interfacial coatings comprised of polyphenol-protein-carbohydrate conjugates on the properties of nutraceutical-fortified lipid droplets during digestion was investigated. Surface-active chlorogenic acid-lactoferrin-polydextrose (CA-LF-PD) conjugate was synthesized as emulsifier to stabilize lipid droplets in β-carotene-enriched oil-in-water emulsions. Changes in droplet size, charge, and microstructure were monitored as β-carotene emulsions were passed through a simulated gastrointestinal tract model (mouth, stomach, small intestine). LF-coated droplets were unstable to flocculation at pH 8.0-9.0, due to the reduction in electrostatic repulsion, but CA-LF-PD conjugate-coated droplets were stable. Emulsions stabilized by ternary conjugate had better stability to droplet aggregation under simulated GIT conditions than other systems, which increased β-carotene bioaccessibility. The importance of including an oral phase in the simulated GIT model was also demonstrated. The ternary conjugate-stabilized emulsions developed in this study have potential applications as protectors and carriers of hydrophobic drugs, supplements and nutraceuticals.
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