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  • Title: Cord Blood Transplantation Following Reduced-Intensity Conditioning for Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis during Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Treatment.
    Author: Kuriyama T, Kawano N, Yamashita K, Kikuchi I.
    Journal: J Clin Exp Hematop; 2016; 56(2):126-129. PubMed ID: 27980302.
    Abstract:
    Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) is a serious disorder in which monoclonal growth of T cells infected with EBV and macrophage activation cause pancytopenia, high fever and acute liver failure. Patients with chemotherapy- or immunosuppression-resistant EBV-HLH require allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), but patients who have no sibling donors may not have time to wait for an unrelated donor. In pediatric patients, there are some reports on allogeneic cord blood transplantation (allo-CBT) for the treatment of EBV-HLH; however, in adult patients, reports of allo-CBT for EBV-HLH are quite limited. The present case of a 20-year-old woman with chemotherapy-resistant EBV-HLH and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who underwent allo-CBT following reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC-CBT). She achieved and maintained a complete donor type and the EBV-DNA load, and the titers of anti-double stranded DNA and antinuclear antibodies became negative. It is therefore considered that RIC-CBT is an effective treatment option for adult onset HLH. However, because the effectiveness of allo-HSCT for SLE remains unclear and transplant-related mortality is high, it is recommended that allo-HSCT for SLE is restricted to patients concomitant with oncohematological disease as with our present case.
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