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  • Title: Pathological personality development after the Chornobyl disaster and the anti terrorist operation.
    Author: Loganovsky KM, Gresko MV.
    Journal: Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol; 2016 Dec; 21():247-263. PubMed ID: 28027557.
    Abstract:
    UNLABELLED: Objective of the study was to determine pathological changes of the personality of the clean up workers (liquida tors) of the Chornobyl accident and the participants in the anti terrorist operation (ATO) in Eastern Ukraine and radiation threat perception assessment.Design, object and methods. The cross sectional and retrospective assessments of the clean up workers of the Chornobyl accident (n = 185), evacuees from the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone (n = 112) from the randomized sample of individuals who are registered in the Clinical and epidemiological registry (CER) of the State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine» [NRCRM] and partici pants of the ATO in Eastern Ukraine (n = 62) who underwent treatment and rehabilitation in the Department of Radiation Psychoneurology of the NRCRM Clinic have been done. The neuropsychiatric clinical and psychometric methods as General Health Questionnaire, GHQ 28; Eysenck Personality Inventory, EPI; method of personality diag nostic by H. Schmischek - K. Leongard, and modified social psychological questionnaire (Joint Study Project 1993) - «dangers questionnaire» were used. RESULTS: Extraversion, hyperthymia and demonstrativity in the clean up workers of the Chornobyl accident and evac uees decreased, while emotiveness, pedantry, anxiety, cyclothymia, excitability and dysthymia increased. Extraversion and hyperthymia decreased in the ATO participants while jams, pedantry, cyclothymia, excitability and dysthymia increased. According to the social psychological assessment («dangers questionnaire») there were found that at present the «national conflict» factor takes among the clean up workers the 22th rank place, evacuees - the 18th, while the participants ATO - the 11th, however the risk perception of disease associated with the presence in the environment of radioactive substances in the ATO participants takes the 6th place, the liquidators - the 8th, the evac uees - the 7th. Hypertrophic radiation threat perception in the clean up workers and evacuees correlates with increasing concern about the nuclear industry (p < 0.001); the degree of psychological stress related to the Chornobyl disaster (p < 0.001); the degree of psychological stress of evacuation (p < 0.01); with concern of radia tion impact on health (p < 0.001); negative social and economic changes due to the Chornobyl disaster (p < 0.001). The ATO combatants do not trust to the competence of those responsible for the events in Eastern Ukraine (46.3 %), while quite strongly concerned about the future (48.8 %) and hostile attitude to themselves (25.0 %). CONCLUSIONS: There are signs of personality exacerbation/maladjustment and personality accentuation increasing in all studied groups. In ATO combatants the pathological personality development of frustration is forming, that social stress, post traumatic stress and psychosomatic disorders integrates. Hypertrophic radiation risk perception is inherent in all groups surveyed. Metoiu doslidzhennia bulo vyznachennia patologichnykh zmin osobystosti v uchasnykiv likvidatsiï naslidkiv avariï (UL NA) na Chornobyl's'kiy̆ AES (ChAES) i v uchasnykiv antyterorystychnoï operatsiï (ATO) na Skhodi Ukraïny ta otsinka osoblyvostey̆ spryy̆niattia radiatsiy̆noï zagrozy.Dyzay̆n, ob’iekt ta metody doslidzhennia. Provedena poperechna i retrospektyvna otsinka ULNA na ChAES (n = 185), evakuy̆ovanykh osib z Chornobyl's'koï zony vidchuzhennia (n = 112) iz randomizovanoï vybirky osib, iaki znakhodiat' sia na obliku v Kliniko epidemiologichnomu reiestri (KER) Derzhavnoï ustanovy «Natsional'nyy̆ naukovyy̆ tsentr radiatsiy̆noï medytsyny Natsional'noï akademiï medychnykh nauk Ukraïny [NNTsRM] ta uchasnykiv ATO (n = 62), iaki pro khodyly likuvannia i reabilitatsiiu u viddilenni radiatsiy̆noï psykhonevrologiï kliniky NNTsRM. Vykorystovuvalys' klinichni ney̆ropsykhiatrychni i psykhometrychni metody: opytuval'nyk zagal'nogo zdorov’ia (General Health Questionnaire, GHQ 28), osobystisnyy̆ opytuval'nyk G. Ay̆zenka (Eysenck Personality Inventory EPI), metodyka diagnostyky kharakterologichnykh osoblyvostey̆ G. Shmysheka – K. Leongarda, ta modyfikovanyy̆ sotsial'no psykho logichnyy̆ opytuval'nyk (Joint Study Project 1993) – «anketa nebezpek».Rezul'taty. Vyiavleno znyzhennia ekstraversiï, gipertymnosti ta demonstratyvnosti v ULNA na ChAES ta evakuy̆o vanykh, a takozh zbil'shennia emotyvnosti, pedantychnosti, tryvozhnosti, tsyklotymnosti, zbudlyvosti ta dystymnosti. V uchasnykiv ATO znyzylas' ekstraversiia ta gipertymnist', zrosly zastriagannia, pedantychnist', tsyklotymnist', zbudlyvist' ta dystymnist'. Pry analizi rezul'tativ sotsial'no psykhologichnogo opytuval'nyka («ankety nebez pek») bulo vyiavleno, shcho aktual'nyy̆ na danyy̆ moment faktor «natsional'ni konflikty» zay̆maie sered ULNA 22 ge rangove mistse, sered evakuy̆ovanykh – 18 te, v toy̆ chas iak sered uchasnykiv ATO – 11 te, odnak spryy̆niattia ryzy ku otrymaty khvorobu pov’iazanu z naiavnistiu v otochuiuchomu seredovyshchi radioaktyvnykh rechovyn uchasnyky ATO pos tavyly na 6 te mistse, ULNA – na 8 me, evakuy̆ovani – na 7 me. Gipertrofovane spryy̆niattia radiatsiy̆noï zagrozy v ULNA ta evakuy̆ovanykh koreliuie z pidvyshchenniam zanepokoiennia z pryvodu atomnoï promyslovosti (r < 0,001); stu penem psykhologichnogo stresu vid Chornobyl's'koï katastrofy (r < 0,001), stupenem psykhologichnogo stresu vid evakuatsiï (r < 0,01), iz zanepokoienniam shchodo vplyvu radiatsiï na zdorov’ia (r < 0,001), negatyvnymy sotsial'nymy ta ekonomichnymy zminamy v zv’iazku z Chornobyl's'koiu katastrofoiu (r < 0,001). Uchasnyky ATO ne doviriaiut' kom petentsiï osib, iaki vidpovidaiut' za podiï na Skhodi Ukraïny (46,3 %), pry ts'omu dovoli syl'no zanepokoieni may̆ butnim (48,8 %) ta nedobrozychlyvym stavlenniam do sebe (25,0 %).Vysnovky: V usikh grupakh doslidzhuvanykh sposterigaiut'sia oznaky zagostrennia kharakterologichnykh rys ta zbil' shennia kil'kosti aktsentuatsiy̆ osobystosti. V uchasnykiv ATO vidbuvaiet'sia formuvannia frustratsiy̆nogo pato logichnogo rozvytku osobystosti, iake ob’iednuie sotsial'no stresovi, posttravmatychni stresovi ta psykhosomatychni rozlady. Gipertrofovane spryy̆niattia radiatsiy̆nogo ryzyku prytamanne vsim grupam obstezhenykh.
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