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  • Title: Double-outlet right ventricle with an intact interventricular septum and concurrent hypoplastic left ventricle in a calf.
    Author: Newhard DK, Jung SW, Winter RL, Kuca T, Bayne J, Passler T.
    Journal: J Vet Cardiol; 2017 Apr; 19(2):205-210. PubMed ID: 28111139.
    Abstract:
    A 3-day-old Hereford heifer calf presented for evaluation of lethargy and dyspnea, with persistent hypoxia despite supplemental oxygen therapy. A grade III/VI right apical systolic murmur was noted during cardiac auscultation. Echocardiography revealed a double-outlet right ventricle with an intact interventricular septum and concurrent hypoplastic left ventricle and tricuspid valve dysplasia. Post-mortem examination revealed additional congenital anomalies of ductus arteriosus, patent foramen ovale, and persistent left cranial vena cava. This report illustrates the use of echocardiographic images to diagnose a double-outlet right ventricle with an intact interventricular septum and a hypoplastic left ventricle in a calf.
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