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  • Title: Prospective evaluation of a week one overnight metyrapone test with subsequent dynamic assessments of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function after pituitary surgery.
    Author: English K, Inder WJ, Weedon Z, Dimeski G, Sorbello J, Russell AW, Duncan EL, Cuneo R.
    Journal: Clin Endocrinol (Oxf); 2017 Jul; 87(1):35-43. PubMed ID: 28329436.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To determine whether an overnight metyrapone test (OMT) within the first week postpituitary surgery can definitively assess the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, compared with subsequent dynamic tests and glucocorticoid requirement at 6 months. DESIGN: Prospective study measuring morning cortisol levels on days 3 and 4 post-operatively, OMT day 5-7 and week 6, week 6 250 μg short Synacthen test (SST) and week 7 insulin tolerance test (ITT). PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS: Forty participants who underwent pituitary surgery at a single centre (Cushing's disease excluded) were followed for at least 6 months. 46% had pre-operative adrenal insufficiency. PRIMARY OUTCOME: week 1 OMT compared to glucocorticoid requirement at 6 months. SECONDARY OUTCOMES: the performance of ITT as a "definitive" test and all tests compared to glucocorticoid requirement at 6 months. RESULTS: Week 1 OMT showed concordance with ITT at week 7 of 78% and glucocorticoid requirement at 6 months of 81% respectively which was not significantly different from post-operative morning cortisol levels; 37% of participants with an abnormal OMT on day 6 had a normal OMT at week 6. All HPA axis tests showed similar concordance with glucocorticoid requirement at 6 months of 80%-85%. CONCLUSIONS: Overnight metyrapone test within the first week after pituitary surgery was no better than an early morning cortisol level at predicting glucocorticoid requirement at 6 months. OMT at week 6 demonstrated recovery of HPA axis in a substantial proportion of participants who failed earlier assessments; thus, definitive testing should be delayed until 6 weeks post-operatively.
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