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  • Title: Skin microvascular function in patients with type 1 diabetes: An observational study from the onset of diabetes.
    Author: Santesson P, Lins PE, Kalani M, Adamson U, Lelic I, von Wendt G, Fagrell B, Jörneskog G.
    Journal: Diab Vasc Dis Res; 2017 May; 14(3):191-199. PubMed ID: 28467200.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: The development of disturbances in skin microcirculation in type 1 diabetes is not well characterised. We assessed skin microcirculation longitudinally from the onset of diabetes up to 29 years of duration to investigate when such disturbances start. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seventeen adult patients with type 1 diabetes participated. Skin microvascular function in digit IV of the left hand was investigated by laser Doppler fluxmetry (LDF, arbitrary units [AU]). LDF was carried out at rest and following one-min arterial occlusion. Time to peak LDF (s) and percentage increase of LDF (post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia, PRH%) were determined. Retinopathy was assessed from fundus photographs or ophthalmoscopic recordings. RESULTS: Skin microvascular function remained normal during the first five years. Compared with baseline and a non-diabetic reference group, time to peak LDF was prolonged after 7-9 years of diabetes ( p < 0.01). PRH% was lower than in the reference group after 7-9 years ( p < 0.01), and lower than baseline after 24-29 years of diabetes ( p < 0.05). All but one patient developed retinopathy and the first signs were found after 10 years of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: Functional disturbances in total skin microcirculation were observed after seven years in patients with type 1 diabetes and preceded diabetic complications such as retinopathy.
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