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  • Title: Confining Excitation Energy in Er3+ -Sensitized Upconversion Nanocrystals through Tm3+ -Mediated Transient Energy Trapping.
    Author: Chen Q, Xie X, Huang B, Liang L, Han S, Yi Z, Wang Y, Li Y, Fan D, Huang L, Liu X.
    Journal: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl; 2017 Jun 19; 56(26):7605-7609. PubMed ID: 28470867.
    Abstract:
    A new class of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles are presented that are without Yb3+ or Nd3+ sensitizers in the host lattice. In erbium-enriched core-shell NaErF4 :Tm (0.5 mol %)@NaYF4 nanoparticles, a high degree of energy migration between Er3+ ions occurs to suppress the effect of concentration quenching upon surface coating. Unlike the conventional Yb3+ -Er3+ system, the Er3+ ion can serve as both the sensitizer and activator to enable an effective upconversion process. Importantly, an appropriate doping of Tm3+ has been demonstrated to further enhance upconversion luminescence through energy trapping. This endows the resultant nanoparticles with bright red (about 700-fold enhancement) and near-infrared luminescence that is achievable under multiple excitation wavelengths. This is a fundamental new pathway to mitigate the concentration quenching effect, thus offering a convenient method for red-emitting upconversion nanoprobes for biological applications.
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