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  • Title: Induced accumulation of tyramine, serotonin, and related amines in response to Bipolaris sorokiniana infection in barley.
    Author: Ishihara A, Kumeda R, Hayashi N, Yagi Y, Sakaguchi N, Kokubo Y, Ube N, Tebayashi SI, Ueno K.
    Journal: Biosci Biotechnol Biochem; 2017 Jun; 81(6):1090-1098. PubMed ID: 28485206.
    Abstract:
    The inducible metabolites were analyzed in barley leaves inoculated with Bipolaris sorokiniana, the causal agent of spot blotch of barley. HPLC analysis revealed that B. sorokiniana-infected leaves accumulated 4 hydrophilic compounds. They were purified by ODS column chromatography and preparative HPLC. Spectroscopic analyses revealed that they were tyramine (1), 3-(2-aminoethyl)-3-hydroxyindolin-2-one (2), serotonin (3), and 5,5'-dihydroxy-2,4'-bitryptamine (4). Among these, 2 and 4 have not been reported as natural products. They showed antifungal activity in an assay of inhibition of B. sorokiniana conidia germination, suggesting that they play a role in the chemical defense of barley as phytoalexins. The accumulation of 1-4 was examined also in the leaves of rice and foxtail millet. Rice leaves accumulated 2, 3, and 4, whereas foxtail millet leaves accumulated 3 and 4 in response to pathogen attack, suggesting the generality of accumulation of 3 and 4 in the Poaceae species.
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