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  • Title: IFN-γ, IL-2, IP-10, and MIG as Biomarkers of Exposure to Leishmania spp., and of Cure in Human Visceral Leishmaniasis.
    Author: Ibarra-Meneses AV, Ghosh P, Hossain F, Chowdhury R, Mondal D, Alvar J, Moreno J, Carrillo E.
    Journal: Front Cell Infect Microbiol; 2017; 7():200. PubMed ID: 28620584.
    Abstract:
    New biomarkers are needed for monitoring the effectiveness of treatment for visceral leishmaniasis (VL). They might also improve the detection of the asymptomatic population in Leishmania-endemic areas. This paper examines the IL-2, IFN-γ, IFN-γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10), and monokine-induced-by-IFN-γ (MIG) levels in whole blood-stimulated in vitro with soluble Leishmania antigen (SLA)-taken from asymptomatic individuals and patients treated for VL living in a post-outbreak (Leishmania infantum) area in Spain, and in an endemic (Leishmania donovani) area of Bangladesh. IP-10 was found to be an accurate global marker of asymptomatic subjects with positive cellular/humoral tests, while MIG was found to be a better marker of contact with L. donovani than IL-2 but no for those with L. infantum. Determining IP-10, MIG, and IFN-γ levels proved useful in monitoring the cellular immune response following treatment for active disease caused by L. infantum.
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