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  • Title: Neostigmine and edrophonium antagonism of varying intensity neuromuscular blockade induced by atracurium, pancuronium, or vecuronium.
    Author: Rupp SM, McChristian JW, Miller RD, Taboada JA, Cronnelly R.
    Journal: Anesthesiology; 1986 Jun; 64(6):711-7. PubMed ID: 2872839.
    Abstract:
    To compare the time course of neostigmine and edrophonium antagonism of varying intensity neuromuscular blockade induced by atracurium, pancuronium, or vecuronium, the authors studied 98 patients anesthetized with nitrous oxide (60%) and halothane or enflurane. Neuromuscular blockade, as monitored by single stimulus-induced twitch tension (TT), was antagonized at varying degrees of spontaneous recovery (2-80% of control TT). Time to antagonism (time from injection of neostigmine or edrophonium to 90% recovery of control TT) was not different between edrophonium, 0.5 mg/kg, and neostigmine, 0.04 mg/kg, when spontaneous recovery had been allowed to occur to at least 11% of control TT prior to antagonist administration (P greater than 0.05). For profound neuromuscular blockade (TT less than or equal to 10% of control) induced by pancuronium or vecuronium, time (mean +/- SD) to antagonism with neostigmine, 0.04 mg/kg, was 7.0 +/- 2.2 min and 5.6 +/- 1.7 min, respectively, while the same for edrophonium, 0.5 mg/kg, was 20.0 +/- 8.0 min and 15.0 +/- 12.5 min, respectively (P less than 0.05). Time to antagonism of profound atracurium-induced neuromuscular blockade was 8.5 +/- 3.3 min for neostigmine, 0.04 mg/kg, and 9.8 +/- 7.0 min for edrophonium, 0.5 mg/kg, (P less than 0.05). For profound vecuronium-and pancuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade, time to antagonism by edrophonium, 1.0 mg/kg, was 4.6 +/- 3.0 min and 3.9 +/- 1.6 min respectively. The authors conclude that neostigmine, 0.04 mg/kg, antagonizes neuromuscular blockade within 12 min when TT is greater than 2% of control at time of reversal. When TT is greater than 10% of control, edrophonium, 0.5 mg/kg, produces similar time to antagonism.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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