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  • Title: Early childhood myoclonic epilepsy: An independent genetic generalized epilepsy with myoclonic seizures as the main seizure type.
    Author: Yang Z, Xue J, Li H, Qian P, Liu X, Jiang Y, Zhang Y.
    Journal: Clin Neurophysiol; 2017 Sep; 128(9):1656-1663. PubMed ID: 28738275.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the characteristics of the myoclonic seizures alone, or predominant myoclonus combined with generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) and/or absences, in early childhood, and discuss its classification. METHODS: Forty-two children were retrospectively recruited between January 2006 and June 2015. RESULTS: The mean age of seizure onset was 40.5months. They were divided into 4 groups: myoclonic seizures alone; predominant myoclonus combined with GTCS; predominant myoclonus combined with absences; predominant myoclonus combined with both GTCS and absences. Interictal EEG showed generalized spike- or polyspike-wave discharges at 2-4Hz. Seizures were controlled in 22 patients at a mean age of 60.5months. The psychomotor development was normal (30/37) or mildly delayed (7/37). CONCLUSIONS: We reported a cohort of patients with early childhood myoclonic epilepsy (ECME), with the following characteristics: Seizures started below 5years old in otherwise normal children; Seizure types included myoclonic seizures alone or combined with GTCS and/or absences; Febrile or afebrile GTCS might appear firstly; Interictal EEG showed generalized spike- or polyspike-wave; Seizures usually were in remission before adolescence with normal development or mild cognitive or behavioral deficits in most. SIGNIFICANCE: ECME might be an independent epileptic syndrome not established by International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) previously.
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