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  • Title: The mutagenic activity of agaritine--a constituent of the cultivated mushroom Agaricus bisporus--and its derivatives detected with the Salmonella/mammalian microsome assay (Ames Test).
    Author: Friederich U, Fischer B, Lüthy J, Hann D, Schlatter C, Würgler FE.
    Journal: Z Lebensm Unters Forsch; 1986 Aug; 183(2):85-9. PubMed ID: 2876563.
    Abstract:
    Purified agaritine (N'-(gamma-L(+)-glutamyl)-p-hydroxymethylphenylhydrazine) isolated from Agaricus bisporus, p-hydrazinobenzoic acid (its presumptive precursor) and some agaritine-degradation products were tested for mutagenic activity with the Salmonella/mammalian microsome assay (Ames test). Consistent with the literature, agaritine showed a distinct direct-acting mutagenicity with the strain TA1537 (30 revertants/mumol) and with TA97. Incubation of agaritine at alkaline pH increased the mutagenic effect. Pre-incubation of agaritine with gamma-glutamyl transferase (GT) during 10 h at room temperature (pH 8.2) even enhanced the mutagenicity by a factor of 8 to 16 depending on the strain. In accordance with this finding, synthetic p-hydroxymethylphenylhydrazine (the presumptive product of the GT catalyzed degradation) showed also a distinct direct-acting mutagenicity, but the increase was only about 3- to 6- times compared with agaritine. The hypothetical ultimate mutagenic metabolite of agaritine, the p-hydroxymethylbenzenediazonium ion, a compound occurring naturally in A. bisporus, showed the highest mutagenic activity (with TA1537 approximately 300 to 1,000 revertants/mumol).
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