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Title: [Dietary patterns among preschoolers and its association with education level of the parents].
Author: Yan SQ, Cao H, Gu CL, Xu YQ, Ni LL, Tao HH, Shao T, Tao FB.
Journal: Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi; 2017 Aug 10; 38(8):1060-1063. PubMed ID: 28847054.
Abstract:
Objective: To identify the dietary patterns among preschoolers in Ma'anshan, and to investigate its association with the education levels of the parents. Methods: A total of 16 439 children aged 3-6 were recruited from 91 kindergartens in Ma'anshan city to participate in the study. Food frequency and socio-demographic information were collected through questionnaire survey. Dietary data was collected using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and principal-components analysis was used to derive the dietary patterns. Ordinal multinomial logistic regression was employed to explore the association between the education level of parents and the dietary patterns. Results: Five dietary patterns- "processed" , "beverage" , "snack" , "protein" and "vegetarian" were identified. Data showed that the total variance was 48.02% and the cumulative proportion of processed reached 24.78%. Low educational level of the father was positively associated with both "beverage" (OR=1.36, 95%CI: 1.15-1.63) and "snack" dietary pattern (OR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.01-1.43). Low educational level of mother was positively associated with the "processed" (OR=1.31, 95%CI: 1.09-1.57) and "beverage" dietary pattern (OR=1.48, 95%CI: 1.23-1.77), and showed a negative correlation with "protein" (OR=0.62, 95%CI: 0.52-0.74) and "vegetarian" dietary pattern (OR=0.72, 95%CI: 0.60-0.86). Conclusion: Findings from this study showed that preschoolers in Ma'anshan tend to choose unhealthy dietary pattern. Dietary pattern was directly influenced by the parents, and especially the education level of the mothers. 目的： 确定马鞍山市学龄前儿童饮食模式，探讨饮食模式与父母文化程度的关联。 方法： 选择马鞍山市区91所幼儿园16 439名3~6岁学龄前儿童作为研究对象，通过问卷调查食物频率和社会人口学特征，利用食物频率表和主成分分析法评价学龄前儿童饮食模式，采用多项有序logistic回归模型分析父母文化程度与饮食模式的关联。 结果： 共获得加工型、饮料型、零食型、蛋白型和素食型5种饮食模式，因子累积贡献率为48.02%，其中加工型的因子贡献率为24.78%。父亲文化程度低与饮料型饮食模式（OR=1.36，95%CI：1.15~1.63）和零食型饮食模式（OR=1.21，95%CI：1.01~1.43）呈积极正相关；母亲文化程度低与加工型饮食模式（OR=1.31，95%CI：1.09~1.57）和饮料型饮食模式（OR=1.48，95%CI：1.23~1.77）呈积极正相关，与蛋白型饮食模式（OR=0.62，95%CI：0.52~0.74）和素食型饮食模式（OR=0.72，95%CI：0.60~0.86）呈负相关。 结论： 马鞍山市学龄前儿童饮食模式以不健康相关的饮食模式为主要选择，父母文化程度，尤其是母亲文化程度直接影响学龄前儿童的饮食模式选择。.

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