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  • Title: Investigation into perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in a cranberry bog: method development and sampling results.
    Author: Genualdi S, Jeong N, deJager L, Begley T.
    Journal: Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess; 2017 Dec; 34(12):2181-2189. PubMed ID: 28901245.
    Abstract:
    The contamination of groundwater and surface water from previous uses of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), particularly products containing the contaminants perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), has become a concern for drinking water and as a potential exposure route to the food supply. In 2016, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was asked to investigate a bog in Massachusetts where the surface water was believed to be contaminated with PFASs. As a result, a method was developed for the analysis of PFASs in cranberries, and water and fruit from the affected bog were evaluated. A QuEChERS method was developed and validated for PFOA, PFOS, and six additional shorter-chain PFASs. Method recoveries ranged from 60% to 115% for validation spikes performed at 10, 20 and 40 ng g-1 and method detection limits ranged from 0.2 to 5.6 ng g-1. Bog water samples were analysed using Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) method 537 for PFOA, PFOS and four additional short-chain PFASs. Surface water concentrations for PFOS ranged from 16 to 122 ng L-1 and input water concentrations were 132 ng L-1 and 206 ng L-1. Of the eight water samples, seven had water concentrations that exceeded the EPA health advisory level for PFOS of 70 ng L-1. Of the 42 cranberry samples analysed, none had detects of PFOA or PFOS above their method detection limits (0.4 and 0.5 ng g-1, respectively), nor any of the other short-chain PFASs.
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