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  • Title: Xenoislets: porcine pancreatic islets for the treatment of type I diabetes.
    Author: Mourad NI, Gianello PR.
    Journal: Curr Opin Organ Transplant; 2017 Dec; 22(6):529-534. PubMed ID: 28915137.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Porcine islets are being extensively investigated as alternative sources of insulin-secreting cells for transplantation in insulin-dependent diabetic patients. The present review focuses on recent advances in porcine islet transplantation with particular emphasis on new transgenic pig models, islet encapsulation, and biosafety considerations. RECENT FINDINGS: Genetic modifications aimed to reduce islet cell immunogenicity, to prolong their survival, and to improve their secretory function have been reported. Micro- and macroencapsulation of porcine islets should allow their use in the clinic with no or minimal immunosuppression. The risk of porcine endogenous retrovirus transmission is being re-evaluated since no evidence for infection was found in several clinical and preclinical studies. SUMMARY: Pig islet xenotransplantation is still a serious contestant in the race for novel treatments for type I diabetes. Adequate pathogen screening, animal selection, and the establishment of microbiological, genetic, and potency release quality controls should increase safety and efficacy of future porcine islets transplantation clinical trials.
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