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  • Title: Combined effects of microcystin and nitrite on the growth, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant responses of the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus.
    Author: Liang Y, Chen X, Lu X, Jin S, Min Y, Yang J.
    Journal: Aquat Toxicol; 2017 Nov; 192():78-88. PubMed ID: 28934643.
    Abstract:
    Toxicants released during the degradation of cyanobacterial blooms, such as microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and nitrite (NO2-N), affect the growth of aquatic organisms. The freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus was exposed to solutions with different combined concentrations of MC-LR (0, 10, 50, 100, and 200μgL-1) and NO2-N (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8mgL-1) to assess the combined effects of MC-LR and NO2-N on life cycle parameters and oxidative stress. Single solutions of MC-LR 200μgL-1 and NO2-N 8mgL-1 were toxic to rotifers. MC-LR combined with NO2-N decreased population growth rate (r), survival, and reproduction, but increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) contents (p<0.01). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and mRNA expression levels of MnSOD, CuZnSOD, and CAT significantly decreased under high concentrations of MC-LR or NO2-N (p<0.05). ROS levels had negative correlations with antioxidant enzyme activities and expression levels of antioxidant genes (p<0.01). MC-LR and NO2-N had interactive effects on r, reproduction, ROS levels, MDA content, SOD activity, and expression levels of MnSOD and CAT (p<0.05). By contrast, these effects were antagonistic on survival, CAT activity, GSH content, and expression level of CuZnSOD (p>0.05). Results showed that cyanobacterial metabolites act synergistically and antagonistically to cause toxicity to B. calyciflorus. ROS-mediated toxicity was considered the mechanism by which MC-LR and NO2-N induce damage.
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