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  • Title: Palmitoyl carnitine: an endogenous promotor of calcium efflux from rat heart mitochondria.
    Author: Baydoun AR, Markham A, Morgan RM, Sweetman AJ.
    Journal: Biochem Pharmacol; 1988 Aug 15; 37(16):3103-7. PubMed ID: 2900007.
    Abstract:
    The effects of the fatty acid ester palmitoyl carnitine (PC) on mitochondrial Ca2+ handling and ATP synthesis are described. At low concentrations (5-40 microM) PC was found to produce changes in mitochondrial Ca2+ handling, the most significant effect (P less than 0.05) being the promotion of Ca2+ efflux (EC25 = 1.19 +/- 0.11 microM). Studies on mitochondrial substrate oxidation in the presence of either glutamate plus malate, or succinate, confirmed the ability of PC (10-100 microM) to cause loss of respiratory control as shown by reductions in the Respiratory Control Index for each substrate. It was concluded that the effect of PC on Ca2+ transport was due to a direct action on the Na+-Ca2+ antiporter system, whilst the effect on respiration was due to an uncoupling action.
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