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  • Title: [Doppler sonography and phlebography in the detection of hemodynamically different varicocele types].
    Author: Gall H, Sigmund G, Bähren W.
    Journal: Urologe A; 1986 May; 25(3):147-52. PubMed ID: 2943070.
    Abstract:
    Using the bidirectional doppler sonography to evaluate patients with varicocele two haemodynamically different types of varicoceles, pressure-type and shunt-type, can be determined. By means of retrograde phlebography of the internal spermatic vein (testicular vein) in 44 patients with varicocele the pathophysiologic-anatomic equivalent of these two types could be demonstrated. Shunting veins are the cremasteric vein and deferential vein. The two types of varicoceles have a different effect on male fertility.
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