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  • Title: [Streptococcus pneumoniae endocarditis in a child: a case report].
    Author: Escarrá F, Fedullo AG, Veliz N, Rosa J, Oribe R, Di Santo M, Reijtman BV, Mastroianni LA, Pérez G.
    Journal: Rev Chil Pediatr; 2017 Dec; 88(6):776-780. PubMed ID: 29546928.
    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: the incidence of invasive infections caused by pneumococcus (Streptococcus pneumoniae) has declined since generalized vaccination with pneumococcal conjugated vaccine, but it is still a prevalent pathogen in children. Amongst pneumococcal invasive infections, IE (infectious endocarditis) is rare, with an incidence between 1 and 7%. CASE REPORT: We describe the case of a previously healthy 4 year old boy, who had received one dose of 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine who presents with fever, a new heart murmur and heart failure. Blood cultures were posi tive for penicillin susceptible pneumococcus. The transthoracic echocardiogram showed tricuspid and pulmonary valve vegetations. The patient received 4 weeks of antibiotic treatment for pneumo-coccal IE. He presented secondary valve damage that needed surgical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: IE should be considered as a differential diagnosis of children presenting with fever and a newly diag nosed heart murmur, and pneumococcus as an etiologic agent in non hospitalized febrile patients with severe infections.
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