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  • Title: Heat resistance, immunological and quantitative changes of neutrophil alkaline phosphatase in trisomy 21 pregnancies.
    Author: Grozdea J, Vergnes H, Brisson-Lougarre A, Bourrouillou G, Martin J, Blum C, Colombies P.
    Journal: Hum Genet; 1988 Mar; 78(3):240-3. PubMed ID: 2964397.
    Abstract:
    Neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) was analysed in 25 pregnant women with trisomy 21 foetuses whose chromosomal aberration was recognized by cytogenetic study after amniocentesis. Enzyme investigation was performed at 20-22 weeks of gestation using cytochemical and biochemical techniques. Twenty-nine women at the same stage of normal pregnancies were selected as controls. In parallel, each mother was karyotyped. Ten subjects from each series underwent biochemical and immunological investigation: measurement of enzyme levels, thermostability study and immunological tests with alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme antibodies. NAP from pregnant women with trisomy 21 foetuses was characterized by: (1) a lower rate of enzyme activity, (2) a large amount of heat-stable enzyme (T = 56 degrees C for biochemical assays, T = 85 degrees C for cytochemical tests), and (3) a marked loss of liver antigenicity. These findings suggest the presence in trisomy 21 pregnancies of a non-specific alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme which appears as an "enzyme marker" in maternal circulating neutrophils.
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