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  • Title: Congenital absence of the internal carotid artery with a persistent primitive trigeminal artery as a collateral pathway: a report of an anatomic variation.
    Author: Kim D, Baek JW, Heo YJ, Jeong HW.
    Journal: Surg Radiol Anat; 2018 Jul; 40(7):811-813. PubMed ID: 29667029.
    Abstract:
    Congenital absence of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is rare, and patients with such a condition are often asymptomatic throughout their lifetime, because of sufficient collateral circulation. Collateral flow is provided via various channels; however, the role of persistent embryonic vessels under conditions in which the ICA is absent or occluded is unknown. We report a rare case of congenital absence of the left ICA and describe the collateral pathway consisting of a persistent trigeminal artery.
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