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  • Title: [Diagnosis and treatment of ejaculatory duct obstruction: Current status and advances].
    Author: Li Z, Li XP, Chen HX.
    Journal: Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue; 2017 Jun; 23(6):483-487. PubMed ID: 29722938.
    Abstract:
    Ejaculatory duct obstruction (EDO) is one of the obstructive factors for 1－5% of all cases of male infertility and it is, however, surgically correctable. Congenital developmental abnormality is a most common cause of EDO. The clinical manifestations of EDO are varied, typically with the decline of four semen parameters. Transrectal ultrasonography is an important imaging method for the diagnosis of EDO and guidance in its surgery. MRI provides high-resolution images of the reproductive system as evidence. Transurethral resection of the ejaculatory duct (TURED) is a classical operation, the application of transurethral seminal vesiculoscopy has become a new trend of minimally invasive surgery in the treatment of EDO, and the latest flexible vesiculovasoscopy (FVV) or vasoscopy techniques may further improve the diagnosis and treatment of EDO. 射精管梗阻（EDO）是梗阻性因素引发男性不育的原因之一，也是可经外科手术治愈的男性不育症之一，在所有男性不育症中占1%~5%。相比后天性因素先天性发育异常是EDO发病最常见的原因。EDO临床表现多样，典型的精液呈现“四低”特征，经直肠超声是EDO筛查的重要影像学检查和手术治疗中的引导，磁共振检查提供生殖系统更清晰的影像依据。经尿道射精管切除术（TURED）为代表的经尿道微创手术是治疗EDO的经典术式，而各式经尿道精道镜技术的应用成为治疗EDO的趋势，最新出现的精囊输精管软镜或输精管镜技术有望进一步改进EDO的诊治。.
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