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  • Title: On-site detection of sub-mg/kg melamine mixed in powdered infant formula and chocolate using sharp-edged gold nanostar substrates.
    Author: Nguyen TH, Nguyen TD, Ly NH, Kwak CH, Huh YS, Joo SW.
    Journal: Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess; 2018 Jun; 35(6):1017-1026. PubMed ID: 29727263.
    Abstract:
    We report a facile method for sample preparation and sensitive on-site detection of melamine in powdered infant formula and chocolate using Raman spectroscopy on sharp-edged gold nanostars (AuNSs). The aggregation of AuNSs by sodium chloride (1.2 M) facilitates the more sensitive detection of melamine in comparison with spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Density functional theory quantum mechanical calculations were performed to determine the energetic stability on gold cluster atoms. Our spectroscopic data indicated that AuNSs are an efficient platform for detecting melamine in food mixtures. The detection limits of melamine in powdered infant formula and chocolate were found to be ~0.1 mg/kg and ~1 mg/kg, respectively, on AuNPs, whereas they were observed to be ~0.01 mg/kg and ~0.1 mg/kg, respectively, on AuNSs. Using a handheld Raman spectrometer, a sub-mg/kg detection of melamine in both powdered infant formula and chocolate could be achieved within a few minutes.
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