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  • Title: Treatment of Gunshot Wounds to Spine During Late 19th Century.
    Author: Protas M, Schumacher M, Iwanaga J, Yilmaz E, Oskouian RJ, Tubbs RS.
    Journal: World Neurosurg; 2018 Jul; 115():285-287. PubMed ID: 29747019.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: The demand for neurosurgical procedures increased drastically in the late 19th century owing to advances in ballistics during the American Civil War and Crimean War. METHODS AND RESULTS: Surgical care for a gunshot wound to the spine relied on skilled identification and removal of the fractured bone. Hemorrhage control and infection prevention were also imperative for improving survival rates. CONCLUSIONS: Although new techniques were implemented, the mortality rate from spinal injuries during this period was staggering. Nevertheless, those 19th century procedural methods provided the basis for present-day treatment for spinal injury patients.
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