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  • Title: [Water loading diuresis test in albino rats. Critical study of approximately 12,000 tests. 3. Loading tests using several mineral waters bottled under various experimental conditions].
    Author: Federici PC, Marchesi C, Pasqualis A.
    Journal: Acta Biomed Ateneo Parmense; 1988; 59(5-6):147-74. PubMed ID: 2978364.
    Abstract:
    The authors studied a series of more than 12,000 complex diuresis exams after water loading, in the albino rat, which permitted them to draw the following conclusions: 1). The temperature of water definitively and, probably the environmental temperature, influence the diuretic response. 2). The most favourable water loading preparations are not fasting and solid fasting during the 24 hrs. prior to loading. 3). Pretreatment with diuretic water 15 days prior to loading, favours the diuretic response to the same or the any other water: activated kidney. 4). The addition of CO2 to water, by itself, does not seem to favour diuresis. 5). Aging or conservation in bottles, always reduces, more or less sensitively, the diuretic properties of the water itself, especially during the first 2-3 months. This confirms that the diuretic properties do not only and exclusively depend on the chemical or physical composition or on the structure, but on everything together, that is modified after the moment of it's natural emergence. This loss of activity, in any case, is favourable to the indiscriminate use of these waters as both dietetic and drinking water. 6). It is probable that the different pH's of water influence it's diuretic activity. 7). Even if the more active waters, in this study, seem to be bicarbonate, sulfate bicarbonate, or bicarbonate-sulfate-alkaline-terrose, this can be attributed to the prevalence of these classes of water in this study. Instead, what emerges with certainty, from the point of view of the molar concentration, is that while there are which are minimally mineralized and oligominerals with scarce or no diuretic activity, there are mediomineral and hypotonic mineral waters with up to 100 mmol/liter, and with conspicuous diuretic activity, even after more or less long periods of conservation in bottles. 8). For all of the above-mentioned reasons, we feel that a useful orientation can also be gained for the use of the discussed water for human needs.
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