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  • Title: Observation of the quantum valley Hall state in ballistic graphene superlattices.
    Author: Komatsu K, Morita Y, Watanabe E, Tsuya D, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Moriyama S.
    Journal: Sci Adv; 2018 May; 4(5):eaaq0194. PubMed ID: 29795780.
    Abstract:
    In graphene superlattices, bulk topological currents can lead to long-range charge-neutral flow and nonlocal resistance near Dirac points. A ballistic version of these phenomena has never been explored. We report transport properties of ballistic graphene superlattices. This allows us to study and exploit giant nonlocal resistances with a large valley Hall angle without a magnetic field. In a low-temperature regime, a crossover occurs toward a new state of matter, referred to as a quantum valley Hall state (qVHS), which is an analog of the quantum Hall state without a magnetic field. Furthermore, a nonlocal resistance plateau, implying rigidity of the qVHS, emerges as a function of magnetic field, and this plateau collapses, which is considered a manifestation of valley/pseudospin magnetism.
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