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  • Title: Surveillance for azole resistance in clinical and environmental isolates of Aspergillus fumigatus in Australia and cyp51A homology modelling of azole-resistant isolates.
    Author: Talbot JJ, Subedi S, Halliday CL, Hibbs DE, Lai F, Lopez-Ruiz FJ, Harper L, Park RF, Cuddy WS, Biswas C, Cooley L, Carter D, Sorrell TC, Barrs VR, Chen SC.
    Journal: J Antimicrob Chemother; 2018 Sep 01; 73(9):2347-2351. PubMed ID: 29846581.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: The prevalence of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus is uncertain in Australia. Azole exposure may select for resistance. We investigated the frequency of azole resistance in a large number of clinical and environmental isolates. METHODS: A. fumigatus isolates [148 human, 21 animal and 185 environmental strains from air (n = 6) and azole-exposed (n = 64) or azole-naive (n = 115) environments] were screened for azole resistance using the VIPcheck™ system. MICs were determined using the Sensititre™ YeastOne YO10 assay. Sequencing of the Aspergillus cyp51A gene and promoter region was performed for azole-resistant isolates, and cyp51A homology protein modelling undertaken. RESULTS: Non-WT MICs/MICs at the epidemiological cut-off value of one or more azoles were observed for 3/148 (2%) human isolates but not amongst animal, or environmental, isolates. All three isolates grew on at least one azole-supplemented well based on VIPcheck™ screening. For isolates 9 and 32, the itraconazole and posaconazole MICs were 1 mg/L (voriconazole MICs 0.12 mg/L); isolate 129 had itraconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole MICs of >16, 1 and 8 mg/L, respectively. Soil isolates from azole-exposed and azole-naive environments had similar geometric mean MICs of itraconazole, posaconazole and voriconazole (P > 0.05). A G54R mutation was identified in the isolates exhibiting itraconazole and posaconazole resistance, and the TR34/L98H mutation in the pan-azole-resistant isolate. cyp51A modelling predicted that the G54R mutation would prevent binding of itraconazole and posaconazole to the haem complex. CONCLUSIONS: Azole resistance is uncommon in Australian clinical and environmental A. fumigatus isolates; further surveillance is indicated.
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