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  • Title: Molecular study of Cw /Cx antigens and frequency of Rh phenotypes in southeast Brazilian blood donors.
    Author: Costa SS, Souza Silva TC, Chiba AK, Cruz BR, Langhi Junior DM, Bordin JO.
    Journal: J Clin Lab Anal; 2018 Oct; 32(8):e22570. PubMed ID: 29926983.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: The Cw (RH:8), Cx (RH:9), and MAR (RH:51) antigens are encoded by alleles at the Cc locus of the Rh system, where Cw and Cx are considered low-frequency antigens and antithetical to the high-frequency antigen MAR. The frequency of Cw (RH:8) is approximately 2% in Caucasians, 1% in Black people, 4% in Finns, and 9% in Latvians. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of RhD+ phenotypes in a population of southeast Brazilian blood donors and to perform a molecular study to distinguish the RHCE*Ce.08.01 and RHCE*Ce.09 alleles, responsible for the Cw and Cx expressions, respectively. METHODS: We investigated 11,536 RhD+ Brazilian blood donors. All samples were phenotyped for D, C, c, E, e, and Cw . In the Cw + samples, a molecular analysis was performed to detect the nucleotide substitutions A122G and G106A, which determine the Cw and Cx antigens, respectively. RESULTS: Cw antigen was found in 110 (0.95%) samples in the following phenotypes: DCw e/dCw e (72/0.62%), DCw e/DCw e (30/0.26%), and DCw e/DCw E (8/0.07%). Among 110 Cw + samples, 108 showed the A122G nucleotide substitution associated with RHCE*Ce.08.01 allele and 2 samples the G106A substitution associated with the RHCE*Ce.09.01 allele. CONCLUSION: This study showed the prevalence of the RhD+ phenotype in the Brazilian population, and that through the molecular study, it was possible to differentiate the RHCE*Ce.08.01 and RHCE*Ce.09.01 alleles. The phenotype frequency was similar from Black people (1%) and different from Caucasians, Finns, and Latvians.
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