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  • Title: Changes in programmed death ligand 1 expression in non-small cell lung cancer patients who received anticancer treatments.
    Author: Omori S, Kenmotsu H, Abe M, Watanabe R, Sugino T, Kobayashi H, Nakashima K, Wakuda K, Ono A, Taira T, Naito T, Murakami H, Ohde Y, Endo M, Akiyama Y, Nakajima T, Takahashi T.
    Journal: Int J Clin Oncol; 2018 Dec; 23(6):1052-1059. PubMed ID: 29948239.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: The expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is considered a predictive biomarker of anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1)/PD-L1 cancer therapies. However, changes in PD-L1 expression of tumor cells during clinical courses have not been fully evaluated. We evaluated changes in PD-L1 expression for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who received anticancer treatments during clinical courses. METHODS: In 76 NSCLC patients, PD-L1 expression was evaluated before and after anticancer treatment by immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis using an anti-PD-L1 antibody. We defined two cut-off points of PD-L1 expression (1 and 50%) and three corresponding IHC groups (A: 0%, B: 1-49%, and C: ≥50%). IHC group B and C were considered to be positive expression, and we defined the difference of IHC group between pre- and post-treatment as 'major change' in PD-L1 expression. RESULTS: Before anticancer treatment, PD-L1 expression was observed in 38/76 (50%) patients, and was significantly less common in patients harboring mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR) than in those without (P = 0.039). After anticancer treatment, PD-L1 expression was observed in 36/76 (47%) patients. Major increases in PD-L1 expression were seen in 11 (14%), and major decreases in 18 (24%) patients. Among 13 patients harboring EGFR mutations treated with EGFR tyrosine-kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), five (38%) showed major increases. CONCLUSION: Major changes of PD-L1 expression in tumor cells were observed in 38% of NSCLC patients who received anticancer treatments. And, treatments with EGFR-TKI may increase PD-L1 expression in NSCLC patients harboring EGFR mutations.
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