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  • Title: Transmission transmissible hepatitis B virus markers of infection among sickle cell disease patients receiving care at a tertiary health facility in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria.
    Author: Bakarey AS, Akinboade IO, Aken'Ova YA.
    Journal: J Immunoassay Immunochem; 2018; 39(4):416-427. PubMed ID: 30024816.
    Abstract:
    INTRODUCTION: Hepatitis B virus infection attacks the liver and can cause both acute and chronic disease. Sickle cell disease (SCD) patients are at risk of transmission transmissible viral hepatitis due to their constant need for blood transfusion. However, these patients could have been infected with HBV but may not know their status due to asymptomatic nature of the infection. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the burden of HBV markers of infection among SCD patients attending the hematology clinic at a tertiary health facility in Ibadan, Nigeria. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was investigated among 112 consenting SCD patients (M = 45; F = 67) age ranged 15-60 years (mean age = 26.9; mean PCV = 24 ± 4.8) attending a hematology clinic at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. A structured questionnaire was administered to capture demographic and other relevant information. Blood samples from each participant were tested for HBV markers by ELISA technique, while data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 with P < 0.05 considered significant. RESULTS: A total of 5 (4.5%), 0 (0.0%), and 15 (13.4%) were positive for HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBeAb, respectively. Also, 63 (56.3%) of the participants have never been transfused, while 49 (43.8%) had received blood transfusion at a point in time. No significant difference (P = 0.095) found a prevalence of HBV markers among those that had received blood transfusion and those that did not. Highest rates for HBsAg (3.6%) and HBeAb (10.7%) were observed among female than their male (HBsAg (0.9%) and HBeAb (2.8%) counterparts (P = 0.065)). No significant associations (P > 0.05) were found among those with incisions, among those who are sexually active and among the vaccinated individuals for HBV markers. There was a significant difference (P = 0.025) among the married participants for HBeAb with higher HBeAb rate (64.3%). CONCLUSION: This study reported high rates of HBV markers of infection among SCD patients. It is therefore advocated that donated blood must pass through rigorous screening processes before it is transfused.
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