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  • Title: Electrocardiographic criteria of epicardial ventricular tachycardia with anterior origin.
    Author: Reithmann C, Fiek M, Aynur Z, Ulbrich M.
    Journal: Clin Res Cardiol; 2019 Mar; 108(3):254-263. PubMed ID: 30094471.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: ECG criteria for identifying an epicardial origin of ventricular tachycardia (VT) have mainly been described for VTs with basal-superior and lateral origin. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine ECG criteria for epicardial VTs with anterior origin as a guide for trans-pericardial ablation. RESULTS: Among 22 patients undergoing successful ablation of VTs from the anterior myocardial wall, 14 patients underwent endocardial ablation and 8 patients underwent epicardial ablation. VTs with anterior origin ablated epicardially had widened QS complexes in precordial leads with staircase-shaped notching and slowing of the descent to the nadir of S. In comparison, endocardial VTs with anterior origin usually had narrower QS complexes with a smooth and fast downstroke to the nadir of S. The duration of the negative pseudodelta wave was longer in epicardial VTs (55 ± 12 ms) compared to endocardial VTs (22 ± 12 ms). The interval "time to the nadir of S" in patients with anterior VT origin was longer in epicardial VTs (121 ± 16 ms) than in endocardial VTs (80 ± 22 ms). The QRS duration was also longer in patients with epicardial origin (212 ± 19 ms) than with endocardial VT origin (166 ± 30 ms). CONCLUSIONS: Epicardial origin of VTs arising from the anterior myocardial wall produces a slowing, widening and staircase-shaped notching in the initial VT-QS complex. Thus, the morphology of the initial part of the QS complex in precordial leads can be used as a guide for trans-pericardial ablation of VTs with anterior origin.
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