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  • Title: Two-dimensional type-II Dirac fermions in layered oxides.
    Author: Horio M, Matt CE, Kramer K, Sutter D, Cook AM, Sassa Y, Hauser K, Månsson M, Plumb NC, Shi M, Lipscombe OJ, Hayden SM, Neupert T, Chang J.
    Journal: Nat Commun; 2018 Aug 14; 9(1):3252. PubMed ID: 30108225.
    Abstract:
    Relativistic massless Dirac fermions can be probed with high-energy physics experiments, but appear also as low-energy quasi-particle excitations in electronic band structures. In condensed matter systems, their massless nature can be protected by crystal symmetries. Classification of such symmetry-protected relativistic band degeneracies has been fruitful, although many of the predicted quasi-particles still await their experimental discovery. Here we reveal, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, the existence of two-dimensional type-II Dirac fermions in the high-temperature superconductor La1.77Sr0.23CuO4. The Dirac point, constituting the crossing of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] bands, is found approximately one electronvolt below the Fermi level (EF) and is protected by mirror symmetry. If spin-orbit coupling is considered, the Dirac point degeneracy is lifted and the bands acquire a topologically non-trivial character. In certain nickelate systems, band structure calculations suggest that the same type-II Dirac fermions can be realised near EF.
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