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  • Title: Structural features of polysaccharides from edible jambo (Syzygium jambos) fruits and antitumor activity of extracted pectins.
    Author: Tamiello CS, Adami ER, de Oliveira NMT, Acco A, Iacomini M, Cordeiro LMC.
    Journal: Int J Biol Macromol; 2018 Oct 15; 118(Pt B):1414-1421. PubMed ID: 30170360.
    Abstract:
    Jambo is a tropical fruit cultivated in Southeast Asia and tropical regions of America and Africa. After extraction, its polysaccharides were structurally characterized. Water soluble polysaccharides (WSP) were composed of GalA:Ara:Gal:Glc:Rha in 51:22:16:5:6 molar ratio, indicating the presence of pectic polysaccharides. Methylation analysis and NMR spectroscopy indicated the presence of homogalacturonan (HG), type II arabinogalactan and type I rhamnogalacturonan (RG-I). The HG/RG-I ratio was 88%, indicating greater amounts of smooth than hairy pectic regions. Hemicellulosic polysaccharides were extracted from the residue and fractionated by freeze-thaw procedure in two fractions (ASP-S and ASP-I). ASP-S was composed of Glc:Gal:Xyl:Ara:Man:Fuc:UA in a 45:16:20:3:8:5:2 molar ratio. Methylation analysis and 13C NMR spectroscopy indicated xyloglucan, xylan and mannan. Their relative proportion estimated on sugar linkage was 89%, 6% and 3%, respectively. ASP-I was composed mainly of xylose (99.5%) and its 13C NMR indicated a linear (1 → 4)-β-D-xylan. The biological activity of WSP was tested in Ehrlich tumor-bearing mice. After 21 days of oral treatment, the doses of 150 and 250 mg/kg WSP reduced expressively the tumor growth, similarly to the positive control methotrexate, and improved the body weight of tumor-bearing mice. Further studies are necessary to investigate the mechanisms of the WSP antitumor effect.
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