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  • Title: Intriguing role of water in protein-ligand binding studied by neutron crystallography on trypsin complexes.
    Author: Schiebel J, Gaspari R, Wulsdorf T, Ngo K, Sohn C, Schrader TE, Cavalli A, Ostermann A, Heine A, Klebe G.
    Journal: Nat Commun; 2018 Sep 03; 9(1):3559. PubMed ID: 30177695.
    Abstract:
    Hydrogen bonds are key interactions determining protein-ligand binding affinity and therefore fundamental to any biological process. Unfortunately, explicit structural information about hydrogen positions and thus H-bonds in protein-ligand complexes is extremely rare and similarly the important role of water during binding remains poorly understood. Here, we report on neutron structures of trypsin determined at very high resolutions ≤1.5 Å in uncomplexed and inhibited state complemented by X-ray and thermodynamic data and computer simulations. Our structures show the precise geometry of H-bonds between protein and the inhibitors N-amidinopiperidine and benzamidine along with the dynamics of the residual solvation pattern. Prior to binding, the ligand-free binding pocket is occupied by water molecules characterized by a paucity of H-bonds and high mobility resulting in an imperfect hydration of the critical residue Asp189. This phenomenon likely constitutes a key factor fueling ligand binding via water displacement and helps improving our current view on water influencing protein-ligand recognition.
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