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  • Title: Recognition of modified cytosine variants by the DNA-binding domain of methyl-directed endonuclease McrBC.
    Author: Zagorskaitė E, Manakova E, Sasnauskas G.
    Journal: FEBS Lett; 2018 Oct; 592(19):3335-3345. PubMed ID: 30194838.
    Abstract:
    Cytosine modifications expand the information content of genomic DNA in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, providing means for epigenetic regulation and self versus nonself discrimination. For example, the methyl-directed restriction endonuclease, McrBC, recognizes and cuts invading bacteriophage DNA containing 5-methylcytosine (5mC), 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), and N4-methylcytosine (4mC), leaving the unmodified host DNA intact. Here, we present cocrystal structures of McrB-N bound to DNA oligoduplexes containing 5hmC, 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 4mC, and characterize the relative affinity of McrB-N to various cytosine variants. We find that McrB-N flips out modified bases into a protein pocket and binds cytosine derivatives in the order of descending affinity: 4mC > 5mC > 5hmC ≫ 5fC. We also show that pocket mutations alter the relative preference of McrB-N to 5mC, 5hmC, and 4mC.
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