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  • Title: Sulbactam plus ampicillin: interim review of efficacy and safety for therapeutic and prophylactic use.
    Author: Lees L, Milson JA, Knirsch AK, Greenhalgh K.
    Journal: Rev Infect Dis; 1986; 8 Suppl 5():S644-50. PubMed ID: 3026019.
    Abstract:
    The efficacy and safety of sulbactam/ampicillin has been evaluated in 39 studies of therapeutic use and six studies of prophylaxis. Studies of therapy were conducted in 899 patients: 751 seriously ill, many of whom had multiple concurrent diseases, and 148 with gonorrhea. Overall clinical and bacteriologic success was achieved in 92% of assessable cases; 88% of 768 pathogens in these patients were eradicated. Of these pathogens, 43% were resistant to ampicillin; eradication rates of 91% and 85% were achieved in ampicillin-resistant and ampicillin-sensitive organisms, respectively. In 388 patients who received prophylactic sulbactam/ampicillin, efficacy was similar to that of comparative agents and better than that of a placebo in preventing wound infections after appendiceal, biliary, upper-gastrointestinal, or gynecologic surgery. Adverse reactions were infrequent with the exception of injection-site pain, which occurred mainly after intramuscular injection and was reduced in incidence by concurrent administration of lidocaine.
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