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  • Title: Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection and uptake of hepatitis B vaccine among healthcare workers, Makueni County, Kenya 2017.
    Author: Kisangau EN, Awour A, Juma B, Odhiambo D, Muasya T, Kiio SN, Too R, Lowther SA.
    Journal: J Public Health (Oxf); 2019 Dec 20; 41(4):765-771. PubMed ID: 30351408.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a vaccine-preventable infection that can spread in healthcare setting. Data on HBV infections and vaccine in African healthcare workers (HCWs) are limited. We estimated HBV infection prevalence, hepatitis B vaccination status and identified factors associated with vaccination in one Kenyan county. METHODS: Randomly selected HCWs completed a questionnaire about HBV exposure and self-reported immunization histories, and provided blood for testing of selected HBV biomarkers to assess HBV infection and vaccination status: HBV core antibodies (anti-HBc), HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) and HBV surface antibodies (anti-HBs). Prevalence odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to identify factors associated with vaccination. RESULTS: Among 312 HCWs surveyed, median age was 31 years (range: 19-67 years). Of 295 blood samples tested, 13 (4%) were anti-HBc and HBsAg-positive evidencing chronic HBV infection; 139 (47%) had protective anti-HBs levels. Although 249 (80%) HCWs received ≥1 HBV vaccine dose, only 119 (48%) received all three recommended doses. Complete vaccination was more likely among those working in hospitals compared to those working in primary healthcare facilities (OR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.4-4.3). CONCLUSION: We recommend strengthening county HCW vaccination, and collecting similar data nationally to guide HBV prevention and control.
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