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  • Title: [Effects of minimally invasive tangential excision in treating deep partial-thickness burn wounds on trunk and limbs in pediatric patients in the early stage post burn].
    Author: Li F, Chi YF, Hu Q, Yin KN, Liu W, Chen Q, Zhang QX, Chen X, Cao FC, Liang ZL, Sun YJ.
    Journal: Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi; 2018 Oct 20; 34(10):714-718. PubMed ID: 30369140.
    Abstract:
    Objective: To observe the effects of minimally invasive tangential excision in treating deep partial-thickness burn wounds on trunk and limbs in pediatric patients in the early stage post burn. Methods: Clinical data of 40 children with deep partial-thickness burn wounds on trunk and limbs, admitted to our burn ward from January 2016 to June 2017, conforming to the study criteria, were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into conventional treatment group (CT, n=19) and minimally invasive tangential excision group (MITE, n=21) according to the different treatments. The patients in group CT were treated with eschar-reserving therapy firstly. When tangential excision was performed, the roller knife was used, and no necrotic tissue left on the wound bed was considered the proper depth of excision. Razor-thickness skin grafting was performed to cover the wound when adipose tissue exposed markedly after tangential excision. Dressing change was performed within 48 h after the operation and repeated every 2 days. Unhealed wounds were covered by razor-thickness skin grafting. The patients in group MITE were treated with tangential excision in the early stage post burn. The tangential excision was operated with electric dermatome, and the thickness was set at 0.1 mm to excise the surface of eschar until the sporadic punctate hemorrhage on wound surface was observed and some necrotic tissue was left on the wound bed. Porcine acellular dermal matrix was applied after tangential excision. The first dressing change was often performed about 1 week after the operation. Razor-thickness skin grafting was performed to cover the unhealed wounds. The length of wound healing, high fever, antibiotic usage, and hospital stay, times of later operation, and hospitalization expenses of patients in the 2 groups were recorded. The excisional eschar and wound bed tissue of patients in group MITE were harvested for pathological observation. Data were processed with t test and Fisher's exact probability test. Results: (1) There were no statistically significant differences in length of high fever and length of hospital stay and hospitalization expenses between patients in the 2 groups (t=-1.67, -1.93, 0.31, P>0.05). The lengths of wound healing [(24.8±2.5) d] and antibiotic usage [(4.4±0.7) d] of patients in group MITE were significantly shorter than those in group CT [(33.3±2.5) and (7.0±0.7) d, t=-2.44, -2.44, P<0.05], and times of later operation of patients in group MITE [(0.29±0.14) times] were significantly less than those in group CT [(0.79±0.21) times, t=-2.03, P<0.05]. (2) The thickness of the excisional eschar of patients in group MITE was about 150 μm. The eschar has epidermis and upper dermis. Some necrotic tissue was left on the wound bed. Conclusions: The treatment for pediatric deep partial-thickness burn wounds on trunk and limbs with minimally invasive tangential excision using electric dermatome in the early stage post burn can accelerate wound healing, shorten length of antibiotic usage, and reduce times of later operations. 目的： 观察伤后早期采用微创削痂治疗小儿躯干及四肢深Ⅱ度烧伤创面的效果。 方法： 回顾性分析2016年1月—2017年6月笔者单位收治的40例符合入选标准的躯干、四肢深Ⅱ度烧伤患儿的临床资料，按治疗方法不同将患儿分为常规治疗组19例和微创削痂组21例。常规治疗组先行保痂治疗，削痂时采用辊轴刀，削至创面基底无坏死组织存在为恰当削痂深度，脂肪组织明显暴露时移植刃厚皮覆盖创面。术后48 h内换药，平均隔日换药1次，愈合困难的部位后期移植刃厚皮修复。微创削痂组在伤后早期采用电动取皮刀削痂，厚度设为0.1 mm，削除痂皮表层，至创面表面散在出血、创面基底仍有部分坏死组织存在即可，削痂后覆盖猪脱细胞真皮基质，首次换药常在术后1周左右，愈合困难的部位后期移植刃厚皮修复。统计2组患儿创面基本愈合时间、发热时间、抗生素使用时间、住院时间、后期手术次数、住院费用。对微创削痂组患儿术中留取削除的痂皮、切取的创面基底组织行病理学观察。对数据行t检验、Fisher确切概率法检验。 结果： (1)2组患儿发热时间、住院时间、住院费用相近(t＝－1.67、－1.93、0.31，P>0.05)。微创削痂组患儿创面基本愈合时间[(24.8±2.5)d]、抗生素使用时间[(4.4±0.7)d]明显短于常规治疗组[(33.3±2.5)、(7.0±0.7)d，t＝－2.44、－2.44，P<0.05]，后期手术次数[(0.29±0.14)次]明显少于常规治疗组[(0.79±0.21)次，t＝－2.03，P<0.05]。(2)微创削痂组患儿削除的痂皮厚度约150 μm，包括表皮与真皮浅层。削痂后创面基底仍有坏死组织存在。 结论： 采用电动取皮刀早期削除部分痂皮的微创削痂术治疗小儿躯干、四肢深Ⅱ度烧伤创面，可加快创面愈合，有助于缩短抗生素使用时间与减少后期手术次数。.
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