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  • Title: Galectin-3 and risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes.
    Author: Tan KCB, Cheung CL, Lee ACH, Lam JKY, Wong Y, Shiu SWM.
    Journal: Diabetes Metab Res Rev; 2019 Feb; 35(2):e3093. PubMed ID: 30378236.
    Abstract:
    AIMS: Recent clinical studies have shown that galectin-3 is a prognostic indicator in patients with coronary heart disease and in patients with heart failure. Experimental data suggest that galectin-3 may play a role in atherogenesis. We have evaluated whether serum galectin-3 level is associated with cardiovascular outcome in type 2 diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Galectin-3 was measured in baseline samples in 1495 persons with type 2 diabetes. The primary cardiovascular outcome, incident cardiovascular events, was defined as first non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, coronary revascularization, or death from cardiovascular cause. The secondary outcome was all-cause mortality. RESULTS: At baseline, 12% of the subjects had prevalent cardiovascular disease. Serum galectin-3 was increased in the group with incident cardiovascular events compared with those who remained free of events during follow up (9.03 ± 2.98 ng/mL vs 8.15 ± 2.76, P < 0.01). Serum galectin-3 was also significantly increased in those subjects with a fatal outcome. The hazard ratios (HR) for cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality for individuals in the top quartile were 2.50 (95% CI 1.87, 3.36, P < 0.001) and 3.92 (95%CI 2.55, 6.01, P < 0.001), respectively. In a multivariate Cox regression analysis including traditional risk factors, log (eGFR), baseline albuminuria, and cardiovascular disease status, the HR per standard deviation change in galectin-3 was 1.13 (95% CI 1.02, 1.26, P = 0.02) for cardiovascular events and 1.17 (95% CI 1.01, 1.35, P = 0.04) for all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Serum galectin-3 is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in persons with type 2 diabetes independent of traditional risk factors.
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