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  • Title: [Responses of soil nitrogen transformation to long-term nitrogen fertilization and precipitation changes in a broad-leaved Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountains, China.].
    Author: Xu TT, Zheng JQ, Han SJ, Zhang FL, Wang XX.
    Journal: Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao; 2018 Sep; 29(9):2797-2807. PubMed ID: 30411554.
    Abstract:
    Soil nitrogen (N) cycling, one of the most important biogeochemical processes in forest ecosystems, has significant environmental effects. However, little is known about how it responds to N deposition and precipitation changes. Here, we examined the main effects of N deposition (NF), rainfall reduction (RR) and their interactive effect (RF) on soil N cycling by N addition and transparent V-shaped board interception in a broad-leaved Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountains. The responses of soil nitrification, denitrification, nitrifying functional genes (ammonia-oxidizing archaea AOA and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria AOB), denitrifying functional genes (nirK, nirS and nosZ) and N fixing function genes (nifH) to NF, RR and RF treatments were analyzed. We found significant positive correlations between nitrification and soil NH4+-N, denitrification and and NO3--N, respectively. Soil nitrification and denitrification were not significantly influenced by the three treatments, while denitrification showed an obvious seasonal dynamics. Long-term RR treatment inhibited soil net nitrification, while NF and RF treatments promoted soil net nitrification; nifH and nosZ genes of bacteria were strong resistant to stress, and their diversity was not susceptible to the changes of N and rainfall. Under drought condition, nirK gene of soil bacteria was more susceptible to N deposition. AOA had a higher sensitivity to drought, while AOB had higher sensitivity to NF and RF treatments. The three treatments affected soil net nitrification and altered the diversity of AOB, AOA and nirK-harboring denitrifier in varying degrees, which might affect the release of N-containing gas and ecosystem services. 土壤氮循环是森林生态系统主要的生物地球化学过程之一,具有重要的环境效应.本研究以长白山阔叶红松林为对象,通过人工氮添加和透明V型板截雨模拟氮沉降(NF)、降水减少(RR)以及两者交互作用(RF),分析了土壤硝化作用、反硝化作用,以及硝化功能微生物(氨氧化古菌AOA和氨氧化细菌AOB)、反硝化功能微生物(nirK、nirS和nosZ)和固氮功能微生物(nifH)对NF、RR及RF作用的响应.结果表明: 土壤硝化作用与土壤NH4+-N、反硝化作用与土壤NO3--N含量呈显著正相关关系;土壤硝化作用和反硝化作用未因3种处理而发生显著变化,反硝化作用表现出明显的季节性动态变化;长期RR处理抑制了长白山阔叶红松林土壤净硝化作用,NF和RF处理则促进了其净硝化作用;nifH和nosZ菌群具有较强的抗胁迫能力,其多样性不易受氮水变化影响,干旱条件下nirK群落组成更容易受氮沉降影响;AOA对干旱具有较高敏感性,AOB对NF和RF处理具有较高敏感性.3种处理可不同程度影响土壤净硝化作用,并改变AOB、AOA和nirK基因反硝化微生物多样性,进而可能影响森林土壤含氮气体释放并改变森林生态系统服务.
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