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  • Title: [Progress in the research of negative feedback effect of thyroglobulin].
    Author: Chen F, Wang H, Li Q, Li Z, Luo Y.
    Journal: Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao; 2019 Jan 30; 39(1):125-126. PubMed ID: 30692078.
    Abstract:
    Thyroglobulin is the most important and abundant protein in thyroid follicles and has been widely studied as a tumor marker of thyroid cancer recurrence and persistence. Tg is considered the material basis of thyroid hormone synthesis and does not participate in the regulation of thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion. This review summarizes the recent progress in the research of thyroid hormone synthesis and secretion regulation via a negative feedback regulation mechanism by the thyroid-hypothalamus-pituitary axis. Thyroglobulin can negatively regulate the synthesis of thyroid hormone by thyroid follicular cells and antagonize the positive regulation of thyrotropin TSH. The function of thyroid follicular cells is presumably a result of Tg and TSH interaction, and a follicular cycle model is proposed to explain the causes of follicular heterogeneity in glands. We also discuss the prospects and clinical significance of studies into the negative feedback regulation mechanism of the thyroid-hypothalamus-pituitary axis and compare two theories for this mechanism. 甲状腺球蛋白（Tg）是甲状腺滤泡中最重要含量最丰富的蛋白质，临床作为甲状腺癌复发和持续状态的肿瘤标志物被广泛深入的研究。传统观点认为Tg是甲状腺激素合成的物质基础，不参与调节甲状腺激素合成分泌，甲状腺激素合成分泌受甲状腺-下丘脑-脑垂体轴负反馈调节机制调控。本文阐述的甲状腺球蛋白负反馈调节机制基于实验研究结论认为：甲状腺球蛋白对甲状腺滤泡细胞合成甲状腺激素功能存在负向调控作用，可以拮抗促甲状腺激素TSH的正向调控作用，推测甲状腺滤泡细胞功能是Tg和TSH共同作用的结果，并提出滤泡周期模型揭示甲状腺滤泡异质性的原因。本文综述甲状腺球蛋白负反馈调节机制研究进展，展望了该研究的临床意义，对比甲状腺-下丘脑-脑垂体轴负反馈调节机制，说明两个理论之间的差异，加深对甲状腺两个负反馈调节机制的认识。
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