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  • Title: Probiotics for preterm infants: A National Retrospective Cohort Study.
    Author: Singh B, Shah PS, Afifi J, Simpson CD, Mitra S, Dow K, El-Naggar W, Canadian Neonatal Network Investigators.
    Journal: J Perinatol; 2019 Apr; 39(4):533-539. PubMed ID: 30692619.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of prophylactic probiotic (PP) administration on rates of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), late-onset sepsis (LOS), and mortality in preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of infants < 29 weeks' gestation, admitted to neonatal intensive care units participating in the Canadian Neonatal Network between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2015. Infants in the exposure group received PP. A multiple logistic regression model with generalized estimation equation was used. RESULTS: A total of 3093 infants were included, 652 infants (21%) received PP. The adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of NEC (aOR 0.64, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.410, 0.996), mortality (aOR 0.41, 95% CI 0.26, 0.63), and a composite of NEC or mortality were significantly lower in the PP group. There was no significant difference in the aOR of LOS. CONCLUSION: Prophylactic probiotic administration is associated with a reduction in NEC and mortality in preterm infants.
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