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  • Title: Psychotic-Like Experiences in Offspring of Parents With Bipolar Disorder and Community Controls: A Longitudinal Study.
    Author: Mendez I, Axelson D, Castro-Fornieles J, Hafeman D, Goldstein TR, Goldstein BI, Diler R, Borras R, Merranko J, Monk K, Hickey MB, Birmaher B.
    Journal: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry; 2019 May; 58(5):534-543.e6. PubMed ID: 30768403.
    Abstract:
    OBJECTIVE: To compare the prevalence and risk factors associated with psychotic-like experiences (PLE) in offspring of parents with bipolar disorder (BP) and offspring of community control parents. METHOD: Delusional and hallucinatory subclinical psychotic experiences were evaluated at intake and longitudinally in a cohort study of 390 offspring of BP parents and 247 offspring of control parents; all offspring were between 6 and 18 years of age. The sample was followed up every 2.5 years on average for 8.3 years. Of the sample, 91.7% completed at least one follow-up. Risk factors at intake and at each assessment until the onset of PLE were analyzed using survival models. RESULTS: In all, 95 offspring (14.9%) reported PLE at some point of the study, 16.9% of BP parents and 11.7% of controls, without statistically significant differences. Psychotic disorders were less frequent, with 16 (2.5%) in both groups. During follow-up, three variables remained as the most significant associated with PLE in the multivariate models: (1) presence of any psychiatric disorder (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.1; p = .01); (2) low psychosocial functioning (HR = 2.94; p < .0001); and (3) current or past history of physical or sexual abuse (HR = 1.85; p = .04). There were no effects of any subtype of BP, IQ, history of medical illnesses, exposure to medications, or perinatal complications. CONCLUSION: In line with previous studies, PLE in our sample were relatively common, and were associated with higher morbidity during the follow-up. Contrary to the literature, neither family risk for bipolar nor early neurodevelopmental insults were associated with PLE.
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