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  • Title: A kinematic comparison of the locomotor pattern of horses sedated with detomidine alone and in combination with low doses of butorphanol.
    Author: Frigerio MA, Gómez Cisneros D, Santiago Llorente I, Manso-Díaz G, López-Sanromán J.
    Journal: Equine Vet J; 2019 Nov; 51(6):825-830. PubMed ID: 30866108.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Chemical restraint is often used to perform diagnostic and minor surgical procedures; α2 -adrenoceptor agonists are the most commonly used drugs; however, the combination with an opiate can induce a profound sedation. There is a lack of kinematic studies examining the effects of the combination of these drugs on locomotor patterns. OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to evaluate the duration of the effects of sedation with detomidine and detomidine combined with a low dose of butorphanol on the movement patterns of horses. STUDY DESIGN: The study was a controlled, randomised, blinded and crossover experiment. METHODS: Each of six horses was injected intravenously with saline (0.9%) solution (10 mL), detomidine diluted in saline solution (0.01 mg/kg bwt) or a combination of detomidine (0.01 mg/kg bwt) and butorphanol (0.02 mg/kg bwt) diluted in saline solution, in a random order. A single accelerometer positioned at the sacrum was used for gait assessment 15 min before (baseline) and 5, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 min after each injection. Eight variables were measured, including speed, stride frequency, stride length, regularity, dorsoventral power, propulsive power, mediolateral power and total power; force of acceleration and the three components of power were calculated. The degree of sedation was measured by the ground-to-lip distance. RESULTS: There were significant differences among groups, with shorter effects after the injection of the combination of drugs, for most parameters. MAIN LIMITATIONS: A small number of horses were involved in the study. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of detomidine and butorphanol produces a shorter effect on almost all accelerometric parameters, probably due to the excitement produced by the opioid drug causing a quicker return to normal values. Accelerometry offers a method of objectively monitoring gait abnormalities in walking sedated horses.
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