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  • Title: Progressive High Hypermetropic Shift as a Refractive Surprise Following Glaucoma Filtration Surgery in a Phakic Child With Early-Onset Childhood Glaucoma Associated With Axenfeld-Rieger Anomaly.
    Author: Kumar P, Senthil S.
    Journal: J Glaucoma; 2019 Aug; 28(8):e136-e139. PubMed ID: 31135590.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: We report a case of progressive high hypermetropia following glaucoma filtration surgery in a child with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome and congenital glaucoma. METHODS/RESULTS: We report a case of a 4-day-old female child presented as a case of Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly with secondary glaucoma in both eyes (OU), who underwent combined trabeculotomy with trabeculectomy in OU at the age of 3 weeks. On postoperative third month, cornea cleared and posterior embryotoxon was noted in OU with Habb's striae in OS. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was controlled and fundus was normal in OU. Refraction was +2.00 D sph. in OD and 3.00D sph. in OS and was observed. On postoperative eighth month, IOP was controlled in OU, whereas retinoscopy showed refraction of +4.00D sph./-2.00D cyl at 30 degrees in OD and +10.00 D sph/-3.00 cyl at 120 degrees in OS, glasses were prescribed and was asked to review. After 4 years, the patient presented with blurring of vision, the best-corrected visual acuity noted was 20/100 in OD and 20/320 in OS. IOP was 28 and 14 mm Hg in OD and OS, respectively, but with healthy optic disc in OU. Refractive error had increased and was +5.50D sph in OD and +14.00D sph/-5.00 D cyl at 90 degrees in OS. Corneal topography showed cornea plana in OU, which was more in OS (K1: 32.6D and K2: 38.9D) compared with OD (K1: 38.7D and K2: 40.1D). The patient was started on glaucoma medications in OD. Four months later, IOP was controlled and refraction was stable in OU. CONCLUSIONS: Present case is the first to describe the unusual presentation of progressive high hypermetropia in a child with Axenfeld- Rieger anomaly with congenital glaucoma after surgical intervention for glaucoma. Childhood glaucoma is classically associated with myopic shift in refraction and refraction is one of the most important clinical parameter measured at every follow-up visit. Although progressive hypermetropic shift is a rare occurrence, clinicians should be aware of this possibility. Keratomerty should be performed when such refractive surprises arise, which may help detect the clinical condition and the etiology for such presentation.
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