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  • Title: [Effects of occupational noise exposure on asymmetric hearing loss in automobile manufacturing workers].
    Author: Chen YL, Wang X, Liu XX, Han F, Kang N, Hu WJ.
    Journal: Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi; 2019 Apr 20; 37(4):260-264. PubMed ID: 31177690.
    Abstract:
    Objective: To investigate the characteristics of asymmetric hearing loss in automobile manufacturing workers and the effect of occupational noise exposure on asymmetric hearing loss. Methods: A cross-sectional approach was used in this study. From March 2017 to February 2018, Subjects (7066) from four complete vehicle factories were given a pure tone audiometry (Hearing thresholds were measured at frequencies of 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 6 kHz in each ear) and were required to complete a health-related information questionnaire. According to the inclusion criteria, a total of 6339 workers were selected. The mean hearing thresholds for the left and right ears at overall frequencies were compared using the repeated means analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. The threshold differences at each frequency were compared using paired t tests. Results: The overall mean left minus right threshold difference across all frequencies was determined to be 0.58 dB, which met statistical significance (P<0.01) . Hearing threshold in the left ear was statistically significantly higher compared with the right ear at each frequency. The differences between binaural threshold shifts at each frequency among subjects with a asymmetry in terms of worse left ear and worse right ear were at the range of 6.17-9.87 dB and 6.39-10.92 dB, respectively. Hearing threshold in the left ear was statistically significantly higher compared with the right ear at only 2, 3 kHz of subjects with high-frequency hearing threshold shifts (HFHTs) more than 25 dB. Hearing threshold in the left ear was statistically significantly higher compared with the right ear at only 3 kHz of subjects with high-frequency hearing threshold shifts (HFHTs) more than 30 dB. With the increase of HFHTs, the proportion of subjects with a asymmetry at 2 and 3 kHz of more than 10 dB in terms of worse left ear and worse right ear increased. Conclusion: The average hearing threshold of the left ear across overall frequencies is higher compared with the right ear, the proportion of the cases with a higher left ear hearing threshold is higher that that of the cases with a higher right ear hearing threshold. As hearing loss caused by occupational noise exposure getting worse, the proportion of the cases with a higher left ear hearing threshold and the cases with a higher right ear hearing threshold may tent to be the same. 目的： 了解汽车制造业工人不对称性听力损失的特征，探索职业性噪声暴露对不对称性听力损失的影响。 方法： 于2017年3月~2018年2月，采用横断面调查的方法，对4家规模以上整车企业中的7 066名噪声作业工人进行问卷调查及纯音听力测试（双耳0.5、1、2、3、4、6 kHz共6个频率的纯音气导听阈测试），根据纳入标准，确定6 339名工人为研究对象。用重复测量方差分析（ANOVA）方法对左右耳在不同频率下的听阈值进行比较；使用配对t检验对各频率听阈值的差异进行统计学检验。 结果： 汽车制造业工人左耳全频平均听阈值高于右耳0.58 dB（P<0.01）；左耳各频率听阈值均明显高于右耳（P<0.01）。左耳听阈高于右耳和右耳听阈高于左耳工人的各频率双耳听阈值之差分别为6.17~9.87 dB和6.39~10.92 dB。高频听阈位移值≥25 dB HL的工人左耳2 kHz和3 kHz听阈值大于右耳，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；高频听阈位移值≥30 dB HL的工人左耳3 kHz听阈值明显大于右耳（P<0.05），随着高频听阈位移值的增加，2 kHz及3 kHz频率下右耳听阈值超过左耳10 dB和左耳听阈值超过右耳10 dB所占比例均逐渐增加。 结论： 汽车制造工人左耳全频平均听阈值高于右耳，且左耳听阈高于右耳的占比高；随着职业噪声暴露致听力损失的加重，左耳听阈高于右耳与右耳听阈高于左耳的占比趋向一致。.
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