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  • Title: Clinical presentation and outcome of retinoblastoma based on age at presentation: a review of 1450 children.
    Author: Kaliki S, Maniar A, Patel A, Palkonda VAR, Mohamed A.
    Journal: Int Ophthalmol; 2020 Jan; 40(1):99-107. PubMed ID: 31444587.
    Abstract:
    PURPOSE: To compare the clinical presentation and outcomes of retinoblastoma (RB) based on age at presentation. METHODS: Retrospective comparative study of 1940 eyes of 1450 children with RB. RESULTS: Presentation of RB with enlarged eyeball and eyelid swelling (2% and < 1% in ≤ 1 year, 4% and 2% in > 1-2 years, 7% and 2% in > 2-3 years, and 12% and 4% in > 3 years; p < 0.0001 and p = 0.05, respectively) is more common with increasing age. Based on the 8th edition of American Joint Committee Classification, T1 is more common in children younger than 1 year (27%), while T4 is more common in children > 3 years of age (20%) (p < 0.0001). Kaplan-Meier (KM) estimate at 1 and 5 years for globe salvage was 64% and 58% in children ≤ 1 year of age versus 30% and 20% in children > 3 years, respectively [Hazard ratio (HR) = 2.48; p < 0.0001], and KM estimate at 1 and 5 years for life salvage was 99% and 97% in children ≤ 1 year of age versus 89% and 78% in children older than 3 years, respectively (HR = 7.65; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: Uncommon clinical features of RB including enlarged eyeball and eyelid swelling are more common with increasing age. Younger age at presentation with RB is associated with better prognosis including higher chances of life and globe salvage.
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