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  • Title: Position of the non-stance leg during the single leg squat affects females and males differently.
    Author: Khuu A, Lewis CL.
    Journal: Hum Mov Sci; 2019 Oct; 67():102506. PubMed ID: 31445486.
    Abstract:
    BACKGROUND: Kinematic differences between females and males for the single leg squat (SLS) have been identified. However, kinetic differences between sexes and how variations of the non-stance leg position during the SLS may affect kinematics and kinetics differently in females and males have not been examined. OBJECTIVES: Examine sex-specific kinematic and kinetic differences during the SLS task with 3 different non-stance leg positions. DESIGN: Controlled laboratory study, cross-sectional design. METHODS: Thirty-two healthy adults (16 females, 16 males) performed the 3 SLS tasks while data were collected using a motion capture system and force plates. At 60 degrees of knee flexion (60KF) and peak knee flexion (PKF), kinematics and joint moments were compared between sexes and SLS tasks using a linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Females exhibited less ipsilateral trunk flexion (P < 0.001) and greater anterior pelvic tilt (P ≤ 0.021) and hip adduction (P < 0.001) than males across tasks at 60KF and PKF. Across tasks, females had a smaller knee flexion moment than males at PKF (P = 0.001). Females had a greater hip abduction moment during SLS-Front than SLS-Middle (P = 0.044) and SLS-Back (P = 0.003) at PKF, but males had similar hip abduction moments across tasks (P ≥ 0.299). At 60KF, males had a greater knee adduction moment during SLS-Front compared to the other tasks (P ≤ 0.019) while females had similar hip abduction moments across tasks (P ≥ 0.459). CONCLUSION: Altering the non-stance leg position during the SLS affects the kinematics and kinetics of both females and males. The position of the non-stance leg can be modified for assessment and treatment purposes and should be reported in research.
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